IMO while the bar is high to say "it's the responsibility of the repository operator itself to guard against a certain class of attack" - I think this qualifies. The same way GitHub provides Secret Scanning [0], it should alert upon spans of zero-width characters that are not used in a linguistically standard way (don't need an LLM for this, just n-tuples).
Sure, third-party services like the OP can provide bots that can scan. But if you create an ecosystem in which PRs can be submitted by threat actors, part of your commitment to the community should be to provide visibility into attacks that cannot be seen by the naked eye, and make that protection the norm rather than the exception.
I know people love to talk money and costs and "value", but HN is a space for developers, not the business people. Our primary concern, as developers, is to make the product better. The business people need us to make the product better, keep the company growing, and beat out the competition. We need them to keep us from fixating on things that are useful but low priority and ensuring we keep having money. The contention between us is good, it keeps balance. It even ensures things keep getting better even if an effective monopoly forms as they still need us, the developers, to make the company continue growing (look at monopolies people aren't angry at and how they're different). And they need us more than we need them.
So I'd argue it's the responsibility of the developers, hired by GitHub, to create this feature because it makes the product better. Because that's the thing you've been hired for: to make the product better. Your concern isn't about the money, your concern is about the product. That's what you're hired for.
> Your concern isn't about the money, your concern is about the product. That's what you're hired for.
According to whom? Certainly not the people did the hiring.
I somewhat agree that developers should optimize for something other than pure monetary value, but it has nothing to do with the hiring relationship, just the general moral duty to use what power you have to make the world better. In general, this can easily conflict with "what you're hired for."
In this case I think showing suspicious (or even all) invisible Unicode in PRs is even a monetarily valuable feature, so the moral angle is mostly moot. And I would put the primary moral burden primarily on the product management either way, since they're the ones with the most power to affect the product, potentially either ordering the right thing to be done or stopping the devs when they try to do it on their own.
I'd say that this is also true from a money-and-costs-and-value perspective. Sure, all press is good press... but any number of stakeholders would agree that "we got some mindshare by proactively protecting against an emerging threat" is higher-ROI press than "Ars did a piece on how widespread this problem is, and we're mentioned in the context of our interface making the attack hard to detect."
And when the incremental cost to build a feature is low in an age of agentic AI, there should be no barrier to a member of the technical staff (and hopefully they're not divided into devs/test/PM like in decades past) putting a prototype together for this.
I agree and think it's extra important when you have specialized products. Experts are more sensitive to the little things.
Engineers and developers are especially sensitive. It's our job to find problems and fix them. I don't trust engineers that aren't a bit grumpy because it usually means they don't know what the problems are (just like when they don't dogfood). Though I'll also clarify that what distinguishes a grumpy engineer from your average redditer is that they have critiques rather than just complaints. Critique oriented is searching for solutions of problems, you can't just stop at problem identification.
> And when the incremental cost to build a feature is low in an age of agentic AI
I'm not sure that's even necessary. A very quick but still helpful patch would be to display invisible characters. Just like we often do with whitespace characters. The diff can be a bit noisier and it's the perfect place for this even if you purposefully use invisible characters in your programming environment.
Though we're also talking about an organization that couldn't merge a PR for a year that fixed a one liner. A mistake that should never have gotten through review. Seriously, who uses a while loop counter checking for equality?!? I'm still convinced they left the "bug" because it made them money
At the end of the day it boils down to putting your users first.
Making the product better generally stems from acting in their interest, honing the tool you offer to provide the best possible experience, and making business decisions that respect their dignity.
Your comment talks a lot about product and I agree with it, I just mentioned this so we don't lose sight of the fact this is ultimately about people.
But I also think we've had a culture shift that's hurting our field. Where engineers are arguing about if we should implement certain features based on the monetary value (which are all fictional anyways). But that's not our job. At best, it's the job of the engineering manager to convince the business people that it has not only utility value, but monetary.
It absolutely is. They are simply spreading malware. You can't claim to be a 'dumb pipe' when your whole reason for existence is to make something people deemed 'too complex' simple enough for others to use, then you have an immediate responsibility to not only reduce complexity but to also ensure safety. Dumbing stuff down comes with a duty of care.
I think a "force visible ASCII for files whose names match a specific pattern" mode would be a simple thing to help. (You might be able to use the "encoding" command in the .gitattributes file for this, although I don't know if this would cause errors or warnings to be reported, and it might depend on the implementation.)
It baffles me that any maintainer would merge code like the one highlighted in the issue, without knowing what it does. That’s regardless of being or not being able to see the “invisible” characters. There’s a transforming function here and an eval() call.
The mere fact that a software maintainer would merge code without knowing what it does says more about the terrible state of software.
> It baffles me that any maintainer would merge code like the one highlighted in the issue, without knowing what it does.
I don't know if it is relevant in any specific case that is being discussed here, but if the exploit route is via gaining access to the accounts of previously trusted submitters (or otherwise being able to impersonate them) it could be a case of teams with a pile of PRs to review (many of which are the sloppy unverified LLM output that is causing a problem for some popular projects) lets through an update from a trusted source that has been compromised.
It could correctly be argued that this is a problem caused by laziness and corner cutting, but it is still understandable because projects that are essentially run by a volunteer workforce have limited time resources available.
In this instance the PR that was merged was from 6 years ago and was clear https://github.com/pedronauck/reworm/pull/28. Looks to me like a force push overwrote the commit that now exists in history since it was done 6y later.
I use non-Unicode mode in the terminal emulator (and text editors, etc), I use a non-Unicode locale, and will always use ASCII for most kind of source code files (mainly C) (in some cases, other character sets will be used such as PC character set, but usually it will be ASCII). Doing this will mitigate many of this when maintaining your own software. I am apparently not the only one; I have seen others suggest similar things. (If you need non-ASCII text (e.g. for documentation) you might store them in separate files instead. If you only need a small number of them in a few string literals, then you might use the \x escapes; add comments if necessary to explain it.)
The article is about in JavaScript, although it can apply to other programming languages as well. However, even in JavaScript, you can use \u escapes in place of the non-ASCII characters. (One of my ideas in a programming language design intended to be better instead of C, is that it forces visible ASCII (and a few control characters, with some restrictions on their use), unless you specify by a directive or switch that you want to allow non-ASCII bytes.)
> ... and will always use ASCII for most kind of source code files
Same. And I enforce it. I've got scripts and hooks that enforces source files to only ever be a subset of ASCII (not even all ASCII codes have their place in source code).
Unicode chars strings are perfectly fine in resource files. You can build perfectly i18n/l10n apps and webapps without ever using a single Unicode character in a source file. And if you really do need one, there's indeed ASCII escaping available in many languages.
Some shall complan that their name as "Author: ..." in comments cannot be written properly in ASCII. If I wanted to be facetious I'd say that soon we'll see:
Yeah, I would have loved to see an example where it was not obvious that there is an exploit. Where it would be possible for a reviewer to actually miss it.
I'm not a JS person, but taking the line at face value shouldn't it to nothing? Which, if I understand correctly, should never be merged. Why would you merge no-ops?
OWASP disagrees: See https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Nodejs_Securi..., listing `eval()` first in its small list of examples of "JavaScript functions that are dangerous and should only be used where necessary or unavoidable". I'm unaware of any such uses, myself. I can't think of any scenario where I couldn't get what I wanted by using some combination of `vm`, the `Function` constructor, and a safe wrapper around `JSON.parse()` to do anything I might have considered doing unsafely with `eval()`. Yes, `eval()` is a blatant red flag and definitely should be avoided.
While there are valid use cases for eval they are so rare that it should be disabled by default and strongly discouraged as a pattern. Only in very rare cases is eval the right choice and even then it will be fraught with risk.
The parent didn't say "there's no legitimate uses of eval", they said "using eval should make people pay more attention." A red flag is a warning. An alert. Not a signal saying "this is 100% no doubt malicious code."
Yes, it's a red flag. Yes, there's legitimate uses. Yes, you should always interrogate evals more closely. All these are true
Not that long, browsers implemented JSON.parse() back in 2009. JSON was only invented back in 2001 and took a while to become popular. It was a very short window more than a decade ago when eval made sense here.
Eval for json also lead to other security issues like XSSI.
And why do we not anymore make use of it, but instead implemented separate JSON loading functionality in JavaScript? Can you think of any reasons beyond performance?
I actually gave it some thought. I had written the actual reason first, but I realized that the person I was responding to must know this, yet keeps arguing in that eval is just fine.
I would say they are arguing that in bad faith, so I wanted to enter a dialogue where they are either forced to agree, or more likely, not respond at all.
The scary part is how invisible this is in code review. Unicode direction overrides and zero-width characters don't show up in most editors by default. Anyone know a solid pre-commit hook config that catches this reliably?
I feel like the threat of this type of thing is really overstated.
Sure the payload is invisible (although tbh im surprised it is. PUA characters usually show up as boxes with hexcodes for me), but the part where you put an "empty" string through eval isn't.
If you are not reviewing your code enough to notice something as non sensical as eval() an empty string, would you really notice the non obfuscated payload either?
Looks like the repo owner force-pushed a bad commit to replace an existing one. But then, why not forge it to maintain the existing timestamp + author, e.g. via `git commit --amend -C df8c18`?
The value of the technique, I suppose, is that it hides a large payload a bit better. The part you can see stinks (a bunch of magic numbers and eval), but I suppose it’s still easier to overlook than a 9000-character line of hexadecimal (if still encoded or even decoded but still encrypted) or stuff mentioning Solana and Russian timezones (I just decoded and decrypted the payload out of curiosity).
But really, it still has to be injected after the fact. Even the most superficial code review should catch it.
Agreed on all those fronts. I'm just dismayed by all the comments suggesting that maintainers just merged PRs with this trojan, when the attack vector implies a more mundane form of credential compromise (and not, as the article implies, AI being used to sneak malicious changes past code review at scale).
Yeah, the attack vector seems to be stolen credentials. I would be much more interested in an attack which actually uses Invisible characters as the main vector.
Attacks employing invisible characters are not a new thing. Prior efforts here include terminal escape sequences, possibly hidden with CSS that if blindly copied and pasted would execute who knows what if the particular terminal allowed escape sequences to do too much (a common feature of featuritis) or the terminal had errors in its invisible character parsing code.
For data or code hiding the Acme::Bleach Perl module is an old example though by no means the oldest example of such. This is largely irrelevant given how relevant not learning from history is for most.
Invisible characters may also cause hard to debug issues, such as lpr(1) not working for a user, who turned out to have a control character hiding in their .cshrc. Such things as hex viewers and OCD levels of attention to detail are suggested.
Unicode should be for visible characters. Invisible characters are an abomination. So are ways to hide text by using Unicode so-called "characters" to cause the cursor to go backwards.
Things that vanish on a printout should not be in Unicode.
That's a very narrow view of the world. One example: In the past I have handled bilingual english-arabic files with switches within the same line and Arabic is written from left to right.
There are also languages that are written from to to bottom.
Unicode is not exclusively for coding, to the contrary, pretty sure it's only a small fraction of how Unicode is used.
> Somehow people didn't need invisible characters when printing books.
They didn't need computers either so "was seemingly not needed in the past" is not a good argument.
Yes, it is. Unicode has undergone major mission creep, thinking it is now a font language and a formatting language. Naturally, this has lead to making it a vector for malicious actors. (The direction reversing thing has been used to insert malicious text that isn't visible to the reader.)
> Unicode is not exclusively for coding
I never mentioned coding.
> They didn't need computers
Unicode is for characters, not formatting. Formatting is what HTML is for, and many other formatting standards. Neither is it for meaning.
The fact is that there were so many character sets in use before Unicode because all these things were needed or at least wanted by a lot of people. Here's a great blog post by Nikita Prokopov about it: https://tonsky.me/blog/unicode/
Of course! I bet there are tons of ideas that didn't make it into Unicode, for better of worse. Where you draw the line is kind of arbitrary. You, personally, can of course opt out of all of that by restricting yourself to ASCII only, for example. But the rest of the world will continue to use Unicode.
So we need a new standard problem due to the complexity of the last standard? Isn't unicode supposed to be a superset of ASCII, which already has control characters like new space, CR, and new lines? xD
The only ones people use any more are newline and space. A tab key is fine in your editor, but it's been more or less abandoned as a character. I haven't used a form feed character since the 1970s.
That ship has sailed, but I consider Unicode a good thing, yet I consider it problematic to support Unicode in every domain.
I should be able to use Ü as a cursed smiley in text, and many more writing systems supported by Unicode support even more funny things. That's a good thing.
On the other hand, if technical and display file names (to GUI users) were separate, my need for crazy characters in file names, code bases and such are very limited. Lower ASCII for actual file names consumed by technical people is sufficient to me.
If anything, Unicode should have had more disambiguated characters. Han unification was a mistake, and lower case dotted Turkish i and upper case dotless Turkish I should exist so that toUpper and toLower didn't need to know/guess at a locale to work correctly.
And that's where it went off the rails into lala land. 'a' can have all kinds of distinct meanings. How are you going to make that work? It's hopeless.
Fraktur (font) and italic (rendering) are in the Unicode standard, although Hackernews will not render them. (I suspect that the Hackernews software filters out the nuttier Unicode stuff.)
I don't think that would help much. There are also characters which are similar but not the same and I don't think humans can spot the differences unless they are actively looking for them which most of the time people are not. If only one of two glyphs which are similar appear in the text nobody would likely notice, expectation bias will fuck you over.
You're talking about a subset of ASCII then. Unicode is supposed to support different languages and advanced typography, for which those characters are necessary. You can't write e.g. Arabic or Hebrew without those "unnecessary" invisible characters.
I wonder if this could be used for prompt injection, if you copy and paste the seemingly empty string into an LLM does it understand? Maybe the affect Unicode characters aren’t tokenized.
The rule must be very simple: any occurrence of `eval()` should be a BIG RED FLAG. It should be handled like a live bomb, which it is.
Then, any appearance of unprintable characters should also be flagged. There are rather few legitimate uses of some zero-width characters, like ZWJ in emoji composition. Ideally all such characters should be inserted as \xNNNN escape sequences, and not literal characters.
Simple lint rules would suffice for that, with zero AI involvement.
How is it an accessibility issue? HTML allows things like little gif files. I've done this myself when I wrote text that contained Egyptian hieroglyphs. It works just fine!
Then use words. Or tooltips (HTML supports that). I use tooltips on my web pages to support accessibility for screen readers. Unicode should not be attempting to badly reinvent HTML.
I think there’s debate (which I don’t want to participate in) over whether or not invisible characters have their uses in Unicode. But I hope we can all agree that invisible characters have no business in code, and banishing them is reasonable.
In our repos, we have some basic stuff like ruff that runs, and that includes a hard error on any Unicode characters. We mostly did this after some un-fun times when byte order marks somehow ended up in a file and it made something fail.
I have considered allowing a short list that does not include emojis, joining characters, and so on - basically just currency symbols, accent marks, and everything else you'd find in CP-1521 but never got around to it.
Yeah it would have been nice to end with "and here's a five-line shell script to check if your project is likely affected". But to their credit, they do have an open-source tool [1], I'm just not willing to install a big blob of JavaScript to look for vulns in my other big blobs of JavaScript
My hot take is that all programming languages should go back to only accepting source code saved in 7-bit ASCII. With perhaps an exception for comments.
In this case LLMs were obviously used to dress the code up as more legitimate, adding more human or project relevant noise. It's social engineering, but you leave the tedious bits to an LLM. The sophisticated part is the obscurity in the whole process, not the code.
Why can't code editors have a default-on feature where they show any invisible character (other than newlines)? I seem to remember Sublime doing this at least in some cases... the characters were rendered as a lozenge shape with the hex value of the character.
Is there ever a circumstance where the invisible characters are both legitimate and you as a software developer wouldn't want to see them in the source code?
Invisible characters, lookalike characters, reversing text order attacks [1].. the only way to use unicode safely seems to be by whitelisting a small subset of it.
And please, everyone arguing the code snippet should never have passed review - do you honestly believe this is the only kind of attack that can exploit invisible characters?
Sure, third-party services like the OP can provide bots that can scan. But if you create an ecosystem in which PRs can be submitted by threat actors, part of your commitment to the community should be to provide visibility into attacks that cannot be seen by the naked eye, and make that protection the norm rather than the exception.
[0] https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/learning-about-github...
So I'd argue it's the responsibility of the developers, hired by GitHub, to create this feature because it makes the product better. Because that's the thing you've been hired for: to make the product better. Your concern isn't about the money, your concern is about the product. That's what you're hired for.
According to whom? Certainly not the people did the hiring.
I somewhat agree that developers should optimize for something other than pure monetary value, but it has nothing to do with the hiring relationship, just the general moral duty to use what power you have to make the world better. In general, this can easily conflict with "what you're hired for."
In this case I think showing suspicious (or even all) invisible Unicode in PRs is even a monetarily valuable feature, so the moral angle is mostly moot. And I would put the primary moral burden primarily on the product management either way, since they're the ones with the most power to affect the product, potentially either ordering the right thing to be done or stopping the devs when they try to do it on their own.
And when the incremental cost to build a feature is low in an age of agentic AI, there should be no barrier to a member of the technical staff (and hopefully they're not divided into devs/test/PM like in decades past) putting a prototype together for this.
Engineers and developers are especially sensitive. It's our job to find problems and fix them. I don't trust engineers that aren't a bit grumpy because it usually means they don't know what the problems are (just like when they don't dogfood). Though I'll also clarify that what distinguishes a grumpy engineer from your average redditer is that they have critiques rather than just complaints. Critique oriented is searching for solutions of problems, you can't just stop at problem identification.
I'm not sure that's even necessary. A very quick but still helpful patch would be to display invisible characters. Just like we often do with whitespace characters. The diff can be a bit noisier and it's the perfect place for this even if you purposefully use invisible characters in your programming environment.Though we're also talking about an organization that couldn't merge a PR for a year that fixed a one liner. A mistake that should never have gotten through review. Seriously, who uses a while loop counter checking for equality?!? I'm still convinced they left the "bug" because it made them money
Making the product better generally stems from acting in their interest, honing the tool you offer to provide the best possible experience, and making business decisions that respect their dignity.
Your comment talks a lot about product and I agree with it, I just mentioned this so we don't lose sight of the fact this is ultimately about people.
But I also think we've had a culture shift that's hurting our field. Where engineers are arguing about if we should implement certain features based on the monetary value (which are all fictional anyways). But that's not our job. At best, it's the job of the engineering manager to convince the business people that it has not only utility value, but monetary.
The mere fact that a software maintainer would merge code without knowing what it does says more about the terrible state of software.
I don't know if it is relevant in any specific case that is being discussed here, but if the exploit route is via gaining access to the accounts of previously trusted submitters (or otherwise being able to impersonate them) it could be a case of teams with a pile of PRs to review (many of which are the sloppy unverified LLM output that is causing a problem for some popular projects) lets through an update from a trusted source that has been compromised.
It could correctly be argued that this is a problem caused by laziness and corner cutting, but it is still understandable because projects that are essentially run by a volunteer workforce have limited time resources available.
The article is about in JavaScript, although it can apply to other programming languages as well. However, even in JavaScript, you can use \u escapes in place of the non-ASCII characters. (One of my ideas in a programming language design intended to be better instead of C, is that it forces visible ASCII (and a few control characters, with some restrictions on their use), unless you specify by a directive or switch that you want to allow non-ASCII bytes.)
Same. And I enforce it. I've got scripts and hooks that enforces source files to only ever be a subset of ASCII (not even all ASCII codes have their place in source code).
Unicode chars strings are perfectly fine in resource files. You can build perfectly i18n/l10n apps and webapps without ever using a single Unicode character in a source file. And if you really do need one, there's indeed ASCII escaping available in many languages.
Some shall complan that their name as "Author: ..." in comments cannot be written properly in ASCII. If I wanted to be facetious I'd say that soon we'll see:
and so the point shall be moot anyway.The biggest use of Unicode in source repos now might be LLM slop, so I certainly don't miss its absence at all.
Yes, it's a red flag. Yes, there's legitimate uses. Yes, you should always interrogate evals more closely. All these are true
Eval for json also lead to other security issues like XSSI.
I would say they are arguing that in bad faith, so I wanted to enter a dialogue where they are either forced to agree, or more likely, not respond at all.
Sure the payload is invisible (although tbh im surprised it is. PUA characters usually show up as boxes with hexcodes for me), but the part where you put an "empty" string through eval isn't.
If you are not reviewing your code enough to notice something as non sensical as eval() an empty string, would you really notice the non obfuscated payload either?
Innocuous PR (but do note the line about "pedronauck pushed a commit that referenced this pull request last week"): https://github.com/pedronauck/reworm/pull/28
Original commit: https://github.com/pedronauck/reworm/commit/df8c18
Amended commit: https://github.com/pedronauck/reworm/commit/d50cd8
Either way, pretty clear sign that the owner's creds (and possibly an entire machine) are compromised.
But really, it still has to be injected after the fact. Even the most superficial code review should catch it.
For data or code hiding the Acme::Bleach Perl module is an old example though by no means the oldest example of such. This is largely irrelevant given how relevant not learning from history is for most.
Invisible characters may also cause hard to debug issues, such as lpr(1) not working for a user, who turned out to have a control character hiding in their .cshrc. Such things as hex viewers and OCD levels of attention to detail are suggested.
Things that vanish on a printout should not be in Unicode.
Remove them from Unicode.
Unicode needs tab, space, form feed, and carriage return.
Unicode needs U+200E LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK and U+200F RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK to switch between left-to-right and right-to-left languages.
Unicode needs U+115F HANGUL CHOSEONG FILLER and U+1160 HANGUL JUNGSEONG FILLER to typeset Korean.
Unicode needs U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER to encode that two characters should not be connected by a ligature.
Unicode needs U+200B ZERO WIDTH SPACE to indicate a word break opportunity without actually inserting a visible space.
Unicode needs MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTORs to encode the traditional Mongolian alphabet.
There are also languages that are written from to to bottom.
Unicode is not exclusively for coding, to the contrary, pretty sure it's only a small fraction of how Unicode is used.
> Somehow people didn't need invisible characters when printing books.
They didn't need computers either so "was seemingly not needed in the past" is not a good argument.
Yes, it is. Unicode has undergone major mission creep, thinking it is now a font language and a formatting language. Naturally, this has lead to making it a vector for malicious actors. (The direction reversing thing has been used to insert malicious text that isn't visible to the reader.)
> Unicode is not exclusively for coding
I never mentioned coding.
> They didn't need computers
Unicode is for characters, not formatting. Formatting is what HTML is for, and many other formatting standards. Neither is it for meaning.
But not one that would surprise anyone familiar with WalterBright's antics on this website…
Normalized code point sequences are another WTF feature.
I should be able to use Ü as a cursed smiley in text, and many more writing systems supported by Unicode support even more funny things. That's a good thing.
On the other hand, if technical and display file names (to GUI users) were separate, my need for crazy characters in file names, code bases and such are very limited. Lower ASCII for actual file names consumed by technical people is sufficient to me.
Sure, but more crazy stuff gets added all the time.
Rule of thumb: two Unicode sequences that look identical when printed should consist of the same code points.
And, for example, Greek words containing this letter should be encoded with a mix of Latin and Greek characters?
Yes. Unicode should not be about semantic meaning, it should be about the visual. Like text in a book.
> And, for example, Greek words containing this letter should be encoded with a mix of Latin and Greek characters?
Yup. Consider a printed book. How can you tell if a letter is a Greek letter or a Latin letter?
Those Unicode homonyms are a solution looking for a problem.
Do you think 1, l and I should be encoded as the same character, or does this logic only extend to characters pesky foreigners use.
And that's where it went off the rails into lala land. 'a' can have all kinds of distinct meanings. How are you going to make that work? It's hopeless.
Tell me what the problem is and what your proposed solution would be.
I can absolutely tell Cyrillic k from the lating к and latin u from the Cyrillic и.
>should not be about semantic meaning,
It's always better to be able to preserve more information in a text and not less.
They look visually distinct to me. I don't get your point.
> It's always better to be able to preserve more information in a text and not less.
Text should not lose information by printing it and then OCR'ing it.
While at it we could also unify I, | and l. It's too confusing sometimes.
They render differently, so it's not a problem.
Do you honestly think this is a workable solution?
Also this attack doesnt seem to use invisible characters just characters that dont have an assigned meaning.
Then, any appearance of unprintable characters should also be flagged. There are rather few legitimate uses of some zero-width characters, like ZWJ in emoji composition. Ideally all such characters should be inserted as \xNNNN escape sequences, and not literal characters.
Simple lint rules would suffice for that, with zero AI involvement.
Emojis are another abomination that should be removed from Unicode. If you want pictures, use a gif.
I have considered allowing a short list that does not include emojis, joining characters, and so on - basically just currency symbols, accent marks, and everything else you'd find in CP-1521 but never got around to it.
[1] https://github.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain
I am wondering how that they've LLM, are people using them for making new kind of malicious codes more sophisticated than before?
Is there ever a circumstance where the invisible characters are both legitimate and you as a software developer wouldn't want to see them in the source code?
Are people using eval() in production code?
And please, everyone arguing the code snippet should never have passed review - do you honestly believe this is the only kind of attack that can exploit invisible characters?
[1] https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/002/
My clawbot & other AI agents already have this figured out.
/s