From Linux to Wikipedia: How Volunteers Build the Internet

(mitpress.mit.edu)

79 points | by jonbaer 5 hours ago

10 comments

  • niemandhier 2 hours ago
    Things were build by passionate people, who had the skills and the means to do it.

    I feel that modern tech first took away the passion, by making everything a product, than took away the means by making everything cloud, and now kills the skills by eutrophizing our brains with AI.

    There is no cabal of evil tech that pushes this, but the results are the same.

    • kleiba2 2 hours ago
      +1

      There's also another aspect - in the early days, and often times that's what's attractive to contributors - the field might be a total niche that appeals to us nerds. But then, slowly but surely, as it gets taken over by commercial interests, that appeal gets totally lost.

      Like, it was fun to dabble in HTML and make your own little website in the mid-90s. Now it's a total drag to do "web development" as your full-time job, staring at Claude Code all day long - YMMV.

    • internet_points 57 minutes ago
      > There is no cabal of evil tech that pushes this, but the results are the same.

      I used to think this, I would repeat that old quote "It's not a conspiracy, the truth is more frightening, nobody is in control"

      Then comes stuff like

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloween_documents#:~:text=th...

      and

      https://www.economist.com/1843/2016/10/20/the-scientists-who...

      and

      https://futurism.com/artificial-intelligence/microsoft-plots...

      and

      https://cybernews.com/cybercrime/meta-fortune-fraudulent-ads...

      and

      https://duckduckgo.com/?q=+inauguration+zuckerburg+musk+trum...

      and

      https://ca.news.yahoo.com/dem-orders-congressional-probe-eps...

      and I'm left thinking well, if none of that covers the definition of evil cabal, then what does? How far can we move these goal posts?

    • shevy-java 1 hour ago
      I agree to some extent; however had I still contribute to Wikipedia and Wikipedia, while it has problems, is still fairly good (quality-wise could be better, a lot of content from discussions should be added to main articles but I usually confine myself to just suggest things on discussions and let others make a decision then).

      > There is no cabal of evil tech that pushes this, but the results are the same.

      Here I disagree. The fatso corporations 100% pursue evilness. I mean, Google removing its old motto "don't do evil" says it all.

    • ares623 2 hours ago
      > who had the skills and the means to do it.

      emphasis on means. The means to spend ~8 hours a day contributing instead of dedicating that time to a full time job or a second job.

      But the gravy train is ending...

    • advael 2 hours ago
      I dunno the leadership of at least US tech has been trying to market themselves as a cabal for a bit now and are doing a more convincing job of it than I thought would be possible
    • ducktective 1 hour ago
      There is the incentive too which LLMs destroy:

      - If you embrace agentic development and prompt/produce something, a rando with spare money and a better clanker supersedes your efforts.

      - If you ignore LLMs and write and design the product yourself, the LLM corpo says "All the better for me! Moar free untainted datasets for me! I'll make you buy tokens from me in the next 6 months anyway..."

      Damned if you do, damned if you don't.

  • ZeroGravitas 24 minutes ago
    Open access link to the full book the article is based on (since it's slightly hidden on the book page):

    https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/6212/Peer-Production

  • allexsendev 2 hours ago
    This has happened with most of the fields - volunteers do a lot of work, make their fields/areas good, raise interest, bring ppl into it which usually brings money then which usually brings money chasers who then usually "optimize" the hell out of every metric for maximum gains.

    Great OS volunteers still exist today, but the ratio of genuine field lover to money chaser is absurd now.

    • cowlevel 2 hours ago
      Goodhart's law: whatever you measure will improve. And the measurement is money extraction.
  • jrm4 3 hours ago
    Excellent reminder. It very often feels like this place forgets where most of the good stuff comes from.
    • cowlevel 2 hours ago
      And that it's dying and needs high-quality contributors (not high-quantity)
  • dm319 2 hours ago
    I enjoyed this article - it gives a definition of "peer production", and explains our sense of unease when voluntary collaborative efforts get mixed with financial gains.
  • NexRebular 1 hour ago
    "How volunteers build the Internet", yet not a single mention of BSD that ran and runs the Internet.
  • komali2 2 hours ago
    > Motivate participants to contribute using diverse incentives that are frequently, if not exclusively, nonmonetary.

    > It’s worth repeating that these characteristics defy conventional assumptions about organizations and economic production.

    I'm reminded of the meme, a caveman honing a spear, with the tag "How is he innovating without financial incentive?"

    I feel like the "conventional" understanding of human behavior and motivation is new and wrong. That being: to get people to do things, you gotta pay them. To get them to do the thing better, offer a monetary reward / incentive.

    In reality, the savviest of capitalism's participants instinctively understand this to be false: the prize in a sales contest is never a cash reward, it's always a car (or similar). A car that can be seen in the parking lot forever after, a clear symbol of the winner's success and competence. In the old days, it'd be bear claws on a necklace.

    We made the mistake of thinking that the bear claws, shells, whatever, were an early form of currency, that they were a single scalar by which a society measured value, something that could be traded, when in reality they were abstract markers of a given person's prowess or status. People aren't proud and excited to own a porsche or have more bear claws so much as they're excited to show off what the porsche or bear claws represent: their competence and hard work. Trading the bear claws for a cow doesn't impart the value of the claws onto the receiver; unless they can lie successfully, everyone knows they didn't kill that bear, so the claws are useless, or worse, stolen valor. Similarly, many of us doubt that the people who have orders of magnitude more shells than the rest of us did anything worthy of deserving them, or at least not to such an absurd degree.

    I've been reading a lot about human happiness and fulfillment lately because I'm 35 and a dink so I'm gonna have to do this manually (I assume kids give automatic fulfillment, correct me if I'm wrong).

    In "The Dispossessed," Ursula K. Le Guin writes:

    > A child free from the guilt of ownership and the burden of economic competition will grow up with the will to do what needs doing and the capacity for joy in doing it. It is useless work that darkens the heart. The delight of the nursing mother, of the scholar, of the successful hunter, of the good cook, of the skillful maker, of anyone doing needed work and doing it well -- this durable joy is perhaps the deepest source of human affection, and of sociality as a whole."

    Emphasis mine. This idea that happiness and fulfillment comes from doing useful work and doing it well is the most consistent idea I've found in my reading. Edward M. Hallowell specifically prescribed it as treatment for depression from ADHD: experiment until you find an activity you're good at (novelty hunting), then work to get better at it, then seek recognition for your competence. Repeat until death.

    So therefore I think FOSS is the natural human instinct, and all these attempts to steer human motivation with money is a wrongheaded abomination, and the source of a great deal of our unhappiness in life. How else can we explain that happiness and fulfillment is lower in some of the richest societies on earth than it is in some of the poorest? Very few of us are doing useful work, and we instinctively know it.

    • WalterBright 2 hours ago
      Somebody's got to do the dirty work, like fixing sewers. That's why we pay people, because they don't want to work for free.

      And I speak as someone who has been contributing to open source for decades.

      No, I am not going to mow someone else's lawn for free, unless they are a friend. And nobody is going to fix the blown head gasket on my car for free. Nor would I want them to.

      Humans (likely) started out by trading favors. Then upgraded that with barter. Barter is pretty inefficient, so money was invented. A complex society cannot run on favors.

      • M95D 56 minutes ago
        > Humans (likely) started out by trading favors. Then upgraded that with barter. Barter is pretty inefficient, so money was invented. A complex society cannot run on favors.

        That's not exactly how it was. I recommend reading "Debt: The First 5,000 Years" by David Graeber. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt:_The_First_5,000_Years

      • komali2 2 hours ago
        > Somebody's got to do the dirty work, like fixing sewers. That's why we pay people, because they don't want to work for free.

        I actually know a guy whose job it is to empty septic tanks, and he LOVES telling people super gross stories and leaning into his capabilities as someone to not be bothered by what he deals with on a daily basis. Watch that old show "Dirty Jobs" for lots of other people that think similarly.

        Nobody wants to serve someone else's profits for nothing in return. That wrinkle kills a lot of FOSS motivation, when Micro$oft snaps up your project and starts raking in millions without a cent going to you. That's obviously unfair, and one things humans are very good at is telling when something isn't fair.

        My overall point is, when controlling for baseline maslow, and ensuring there's no unfair labor exploitation, in a situation where we need plumbers, someone will be attracted to the vacuum of need, because humans love being needed, and love doing useful work.

        • WalterBright 1 hour ago
          I'm sure there are people who love working in the sewer, like Norton.

          But I doubt there are enough to fill the need for them.

          I contribute to open source. I made my peace long ago with someone using what I wrote to make money. (In fact, it pleases me if they make money off of it!)

          If you contribute to open source, but get mad that someone is using it without paying you, then you did not contribute in good faith. It's like those religious cults who will press a "free" book on you, and then demand a "donation".

          • za_creature 15 minutes ago
            This was only ever true in the form of a "take a penny, leave a penny" jar.

            You don't necessarily mind people profiting off of your contributions because you have been profiting from other peoples' contributions at your job. Take away the jobs and suddenly there isn't enough grant money to go around to keep the lights on.

  • shevy-java 1 hour ago
    I thought about suggesting that AI slop will replace humans here, but then I remembered how awful Grokipedia is, so we are safe for the time being.
  • elvisgodevelop 2 hours ago
    [flagged]
  • broken_knight 3 hours ago
    [flagged]
    • cowlevel 2 hours ago
      This account is an AI karmabot
      • vanviegen 2 hours ago
        How do you figure? The account has karma 0, and the message has a good number of spelling mistakes.
        • cowlevel 2 hours ago
          It's a brand new one, and the spelling mistakes are to avoid tripping HN's shiny new LLM detector that deads LLM comments.
      • notabotiswear 2 hours ago
        How did you conclude that from a single comment and no posts?

        Genuinely curious.

        • cowlevel 2 hours ago
          Fits the pattern. Brand new account, posts a summary of the article with no new value.
          • lakeviewterrace 1 hour ago
            > Fits the pattern. Brand new account

              > user: cowlevel
              > created: 31 days ago
              >          ^^
              > karma: 1515
            
            None of the comments you posted here added any value either so by your logic your also brand new account is an LLM bot. Not to mention posting dozens of comments nonstop all day, at a rate most humans would not. Projection much?
            • solyin 1 hour ago
              if you don't have showdead turned on, you'd miss https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=50389079 which is that but worse
              • lakeviewterrace 1 hour ago
                I like how you can post 75 bullshit comments a day here and it won't set off any troll detector but if you dare to challenge hivemind opinions, your account is irreparably mass-flagged.
                • solyin 55 minutes ago
                  Hm? I'm just pointing out that the problem cowlevel is pointing out is real and not imagined.
      • broken_knight 52 minutes ago
        No sir, I have just created an account. I just shared my honest response after reading this post. you have to buy yourself a new AI-dar!
      • lakeviewterrace 1 hour ago
        > This account is an AI karmabot

        Considering you have posted > 75 comments to HN in the last 24 hours, I would agree!

        • broken_knight 44 minutes ago
          From the paranoia, It is unreal we thought Turing test to be a major hurdle for ai in past.

          Sadly the community aspect which was the idea of the post is threatened, as internet becomes a phantom world filled with bots, agents and clueless humans.